插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機(ji)(ji)分立式(shi)(shi)和臥(wo)式(shi)(shi)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)﹐前者使用(yong)(yong)普遍。立式(shi)(shi)插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機(ji)(ji)又有(you)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具讓(rang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)讓(rang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)。高速(su)和大型插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具讓(rang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)﹐中小型插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機(ji)(ji)般用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)讓(rang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。在立式(shi)(shi)插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)﹐插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)裝(zhuang)在刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具主軸(zhou)上(shang)(shang)﹐同時(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和上(shang)(shang)下往復(fu)(fu)插(cha)(cha)削(xue)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)﹔工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)裝(zhuang)在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺上(shang)(shang)﹐作(zuo)(zuo)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)﹐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺(或刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)架)可橫(heng)向移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)實現(xian)徑向切(qie)入運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具回程時(shi)﹐刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)架向后稍作(zuo)(zuo)擺(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)實現(xian)讓(rang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)或工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺作(zuo)(zuo)讓(rang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斜(xie)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)時(shi)﹐通過(guo)裝(zhuang)在主軸(zhou)上(shang)(shang)的(de)附(fu)件(jian)(螺旋(xuan)(xuan)導軌)使插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)隨上(shang)(shang)下運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)而(er)作(zuo)(zuo)相應(ying)的(de)附(fu)加轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。20世紀60年代(dai)出(chu)現(xian)高速(su)插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機(ji)(ji)﹐其主要(yao)點是(shi)采用(yong)(yong)硬(ying)質合金插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)﹐刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具主軸(zhou)的(de)沖程數(shu)高達2000次/分﹔采用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)壓軸(zhou)承和靜(jing)壓滑(hua)塊﹔由刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)架擺(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)讓(rang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)﹐以減少沖擊。臥(wo)式(shi)(shi)插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機(ji)(ji)具有(you)兩(liang)個立的(de)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具主軸(zhou)﹐水平(ping)布置作(zuo)(zuo)交錯往復(fu)(fu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)﹐主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)來加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)無空刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)槽人(ren)字齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)和各種(zhong)(zhong)軸(zhou)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)等。此外﹐還有(you)使用(yong)(yong)梳齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)插(cha)(cha)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機(ji)(ji)﹐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)梳齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)作(zuo)(zuo)往復(fu)(fu)切(qie)削(xue)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和讓(rang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)﹐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)相應(ying)的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)﹐并在平(ping)行于梳齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)節線(xian)方向上(shang)(shang)作(zuo)(zuo)直線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)﹐兩(liang)者構(gou)成展成運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)﹐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)分齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)間歇(xie)的(de)。